![voltage and current to work done time voltage and current to work done time](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/work-140423212806-phpapp02/95/work-and-power-16-638.jpg)
For a company, it is the amount of electrical units in Kwh recorded in a plant over a month for billing purpose. If 1KW (1000 watts) of electrical equipment is operated for 1 hour, it would consume 1 Kwh of energy (1 unit of electricity). Kilowatt-hour is the energy consumed by 1000 watts in one hour. PF improvement is done by installing capacitors near the load centres, which improve power factor from the point of installation back to the generating station. It would be advisable to have highest power factor (close to 1) so that network carries only active power which does real work. Lower the power factor electrical network is loaded with more current. absorb comparatively more lagging reactive power (KVAr) and hence, their power factor is poor. Inductive loads such as induction motors, transformers, discharge lamp, etc.
![voltage and current to work done time voltage and current to work done time](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/fW3vQY6Zvow/maxresdefault.jpg)
When the current lags the voltage like in inductive loads, it is called the lagging power factor and when the current leads the voltage like in capacitive loads, it is called leading power factor. Power factor (cos ɸ) = Active Power (KW) / Apparent Power ( KVA) Power factor (PF) is the ratio between the active power (KW) and apparent power (KVA). For 3 Phase, Power (KW) = (√3 X Voltage X Ampere x Power factor)/1000.For single phase, Power (KW) = (Voltage X Ampere X Power factor)/1000.KW is the active power or the work –producing part of apparent power.Larger the magnetizing requirement, larger the KVAr. This type of power must be supplied to all types of magnetic equipment, such as motors, transformers etc. KVAr is the reactive power reactive power is the portion of apparent power that does no work. For a 3 phase electrical circuit, Apparent power (KVA) = (√3 X Voltages X Amperes)/1000.For a single phase electrical circuit, Apparent power (KVA) = (Voltage X Amperes)/1000.This measures the electrical load on a circuit or system. It is the product of kilovolts and amperes.The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz: cycles per second) The supply frequency tells us the cycles at which alternating current changes. Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it, provided the temperature and other external conditions remain constant. A potential of one volt appears across a resistance of one ohm when a current of one ampere flows through the resistance. The volt is the International System of Units (SI) measure in electric potential of electromotive force. It is that current which produces a specified force between two parallel wires, which is 1 meter apart in a vacuum. The ampere is the basic unit of electric current. In 50 cycles AC, current reverses direction 100 times a second (two times during one cycle).Ĭurrent is the rate of flow of charge.Voltage (tension) between two points of the circuit changes polarity with time.Direction of the current reverses periodically with time.(Example: Household electricity produced by generators, Electricity supplied by utility).
![voltage and current to work done time voltage and current to work done time](https://cdn-blog.adafruit.com/uploads/2016/09/Mitchell_synth_2.jpg)